From a web of pages to a web of data.
Tim Berners-Lee built the web for people to read. In 2001 he proposed a second web: facts that machines can read.
A web of data that people and agents can find, use and own.
Why it mattersA model learns from the world's knowledge and stores it as billions of numbers. No person can read those numbers. No one can check a fact inside them, correct it or name its source.
We keep knowledge outside the weights, as facts and rules with their sources. People can read them. Any model can query them.
The idea is 25 years old. It stalled because people had to write every fact. Language models can write them now.
Tim Berners-Lee built the web for people to read. In 2001 he proposed a second web: facts that machines can read.
RDF records a fact. OWL says what it means. SPARQL asks questions. SHACL checks the data.
That was slow and costly. So most knowledge stayed in documents that only people can read.
A model reads a document and writes its facts. An agent queries them and cites the source.
1Five systems describe Carol. Each one uses its own shape.
ContactEmployeeApproverUserfoaf:Person2Links say which records are the same person, and which fields mean the same.
FirstName + LastName→:namefull_name→:namefoaf:name→:nameEmail→:emailmanager→:reportsToapproved→:approved3One person. Each field keeps its source.
:CarolIbrahim a :Person ;
:name "Carol Ibrahim" ;CRM · HR · WEB
:email "carol@acme.com" ;CRM
:reportsTo :BobKlein ;HR
:approved :JE-1042 .ERP
4One question reads across all five systems.
1A law, as it is written.
1. In the case of a personal data breach, the controller shall without undue delay and, where feasible, not later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, notify the personal data breach to the supervisory authority competent in accordance with Article 55, unless the personal data breach is unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons. Where the notification to the supervisory authority is not made within 72 hours, it shall be accompanied by reasons for the delay.
2. The processor shall notify the controller without undue delay after becoming aware of a personal data breach.
3. The notification referred to in paragraph 1 shall at least:
(a) describe the nature of the personal data breach including where possible, the categories and approximate number of data subjects concerned and the categories and approximate number of personal data records concerned;
(b) communicate the name and contact details of the data protection officer or other contact point where more information can be obtained;
(c) describe the likely consequences of the personal data breach;
(d) describe the measures taken or proposed to be taken by the controller to address the personal data breach, including, where appropriate, measures to mitigate its possible adverse effects.
4. Where, and in so far as, it is not possible to provide the information at the same time, the information may be provided in phases without undue further delay.
5. The controller shall document any personal data breaches, comprising the facts relating to the personal data breach, its effects and the remedial action taken. That documentation shall enable the supervisory authority to verify compliance with this Article.
2The same text, broken into parts an agent can use.
1. In the case of a personal data breach, WHOthe controller shall without undue delay and, where feasible, WHENnot later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, MUSTnotify the personal data breach to the supervisory authority competent in accordance with Article 55, UNLESSunless the personal data breach is unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons. IF LATEWhere the notification to the supervisory authority is not made within 72 hours, it shall be accompanied by reasons for the delay.
2. The processor shall notify the controller without undue delay after becoming aware of a personal data breach.
3. The notification referred to in paragraph 1 shall at least:
(a) WITHdescribe the nature of the personal data breach including where possible, the categories and approximate number of data subjects concerned and the categories and approximate number of personal data records concerned;
(b) WITHcommunicate the name and contact details of the data protection officer or other contact point where more information can be obtained;
(c) WITHdescribe the likely consequences of the personal data breach;
(d) WITHdescribe the measures taken or proposed to be taken by the controller to address the personal data breach, including, where appropriate, measures to mitigate its possible adverse effects.
4. Where, and in so far as, it is not possible to provide the information at the same time, the information may be provided in phases without undue further delay.
5. ALWAYSThe controller shall document any personal data breaches, comprising the facts relating to the personal data breach, its effects and the remedial action taken. That documentation shall enable the supervisory authority to verify compliance with this Article.
3Each part becomes a rule, stored as data.
4An agent decides a case, and acts.
breach #04121Your knowledge is a graph of facts.
2One query takes all of it out.
CONSTRUCT { ?s ?p ?o }
WHERE { ?s ?p ?o }:JE-1042 :approvedBy :CarolIbrahim ;
:preparedBy :BobKlein ;
:follows :Policy-4.2 .
:CarolIbrahim :reportsTo :BobKlein .3Any tool that reads RDF reads the file.
4The history of each fact stays.
:JE-1042 :preparedBy :BobKlein:JE-1042 :approvedBy :CarolIbrahim1Public datasets, side by side.
2Each fact gets an embedding and a class.
3A search finds facts by meaning.
4One query joins public data with yours.
1A PDF, as it is: text, a figure and a table.
Lot 73091 of valsartan is recalled. An impurity was found above the limit. Three finished batches contain the lot.
| Batch | Site | Tablets |
|---|---|---|
| CVX-A17 | Berlin | 12,000 |
| CVX-B04 | Lyon | 8,400 |
| CVX-K02 | Vienna | 9,600 |
2The same page, broken into its parts.
LOTLot 73091 of valsartan is STATUSrecalled. An impurity was found WHYabove the limit. HOW MANYThree finished batches contain the lot.
| Batch | Site | Tablets |
|---|---|---|
| CVX-A17 | Berlin | 12,000 |
| CVX-B04 | Lyon | 8,400 |
| CVX-K02 | Vienna | 9,600 |
3The parts join the graph. Each fact keeps its source.
4A person can read the graph. Nobody can read model weights.
-0.9999 0.3154 0.5561 -0.4135 0.3277 -0.8104 -0.5296 -0.2114 -0.2070 0.3469 0.8350 0.1942 -0.6903 -0.6543 -0.4654 0.2970 -0.2885 -0.9230 0.8342 -0.3316 -0.8251 -0.1323 0.8898 0.3044 -0.5383 0.2693 -0.0804 -0.4608 -0.8400 0.0119 0.1032 0.6220 -0.3755 -0.5254 0.3608 0.2823
Lot 73091 is recalled.
Its impurity is above the limit.
Three batches contain it.
They are in Berlin, Lyon and Vienna.
5A machine checks the graph across the parts.
We build one product: a search platform for agents and humans. It keeps knowledge as a graph in object storage. The SDKs and the MCP server are open source.
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